ASA 104 practice test
List four items that, when you are packing for your charter, should be packed in carry-on luggage rather than checked baggage:
1 .__________ 2.__________ 3. __________ 4. __________
1. Passport
2. Credit/Debit Card,
3. Charter/Provisioning documents
4. Prescription Medications,
5. Change of clothing
Most cruising boats have at least two bilge pumps. The __________ pump is powered by the battery (activated when the float switch senses water in the bilge), and the __________ pump is operated by hand.
Automatic, Manual
After first determining that the dock’s freshwater supply is __________ fill a cruising sailboats freshwater tank through the __________ __________.
Safe, Deck Plate
A freshwater pump cycling on and off when no one is using water indicates an open __________ or a __________ in the plumbing.
Faucet, Leak
When you have finished using the propane stove, first turn off the __________ __________ and let the gas in the line burn off before you turn off the burner.
Solenoid Switch
To flush the marine head, first pump in some water, then pump sufficiently to ensure the waste reaches the
__________ __________.
Holding tank
To pump out a marine holding tank, first unscrewed the __________ __________ __________, then hold the __________ __________ firmly in the waste outlet.
Waste deck plate, Pump-out nozzle
When a boat is not connected to shore-power, the battery bank is recharged most effectively by the engine’s __________ with the engine running at __________ rpm or higher.
Alternator, 1,500
An inverter converts __________ electricity from the battery banks to __________ electricity, allowing you to use low-wattage AC appliances when the boat is not on shore-power.
DC, AC
An emergency tiller fits into the top of the __________ __________ and can be used to steer the boat if the steering cable fails.
Rudder Stock
Diesel engine cooling is achieved by means of two systems. Anti-freeze is used in the pressurized system, and coolant flow is regulated by a __________.
Internal, Thermostat
The engine driven __________ – __________ pump circulates seawater in the engines raw-water cooling system. The pump’s __________ is an important spare part to have on board.
Raw-Water, Impeller
List four factors that effect a sailing vessel’s range under power: 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________
1. Tank Capacity
2. Engine RPM
3. Wind and Waves
4. Current
5. Marine Growth
6. Vessel Loading
List at least four repair items and spares that should be carried in addition to the boat’s basic tool kit:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________
1. Cable Ties
2. Duct Tape
3. WD-40
4. Multimeter
5. Short Lines
6. Impeller
7. Fuel Filters
8. Engine Oil
9. Halyard
10. Shackles
11. Cotter Pins/Rings
12. Sail Repair Tape
The __________ – style mainsail is hoisted with a halyard, where an in-mast furling mainsail is deployed using the __________.
Classic, Outhaul
When setting a roller furling jib, it is important to control the rate at which the sail deploys by taking a turn of the __________ line around a winch to prevent overrides from occurring in the furling __________.
Furling, Drum
Overpowered sails create excessive __________ to which a boat responds by turning into the wind. This response is known as __________ __________.
Heeling, Weather Helm
To maintain a straight course with excessive weather helm, it is necessary to hold the __________ at a large angle, which causes drag and slows the boat.
Rudder
When sailing to windward, maintain control in gusts by __________ (heading up until gust pasts) or ease the __________ using the sheet or traveler.
Feathering (Or Luffing), Mainsail
When sailing on a broad reach in gusts, steer farther downwind to reduce the __________ wind speed.
Apparent
In constant true-wind conditions, as you head up from a downwind course to an __________ course you will experience more __________ due to the increased apparent wind, and it may be necessary to __________ the sails.
Upwind, Heeling, Reef
When sailing downwind, a __________ holds the boom to leeward to stop it swinging around in lumpy seas and to prevent an accidental __________.
Preventer, Jibe
Prior to reefing, it is possible to de-power the sails by any or all of the three methods: Decreasing the sail’s angle of
__________, adding __________ and flattening the sails.
Attack, Twist
Prepare your boat and crew for heavy weather by securely stowing gear, donning __________ harnesses and __________, and adjusting the sail plan by __________.
PFD’s (or Life Jackets), Tethers, Reefing
__________ is a technique using the engine and a mainsail only; it uses the increased __________ wind to contribute toward both __________ and stability.
Motor-Sailing, Apparent, Speed
A Skipper is responsible for the safety of the __________ and __________, while he may delegate tasks to an experienced __________, the skipper will always be held responsible.
Crew, Boat, Crew Member
List at least four important items of emergency equipment that should be located and checked before departure:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________
1. Life Jackets or (PFD’s)
2. Fire Extinguishers
3. Horn
4. VHF Radio
5. Flares
6. Bilge Pumps
When controlling a dock line from on board, take at least one __________ around a cleat to take the load and avoid rope burns.
Turn
When docking or undocking under power, the two primary factors to assess are __________ and __________.
Wind, Current
The flow of water generated by the propeller is called __________ __________.
Prop Wash
The tendency for the stern of the boat with a right-handed prop to move to __________ when reverse gear is first engaged is called __________.
Port, Prop Walk
To make a 180-degree turn in a limited space you must perform a __________ __________. On a boat with a right-handed prop, this entails turning to starboard with alternate bursts of __________ and __________ power.
Standing Turn, Forward, Reverse
When you encounter adverse wind conditions during docking or undocking, the use of __________ lines as well as the engine and the __________ will help you control the boat.
Spring, Rudder
The greater the tidal range, the longer the docklines must be to allow the boat to __________ and __________ with the tide.
Rise, Fall
List three indications that your anchor may be dragging:
1. __________ 2. __________ or 3. __________.
1. Vibrating Anchoring Chain
2. Changes in range or bearings
3. Closeness to another vessel
Two anchors set from the bow 45 to 60 degrees apart is called a __________ __________. This method maximizes holding power and reduces __________.
Forked Moor, Swing
When approaching a mooring buoy, preparation and __________ between skipper and __________ are essential for a perfect pick-up.
Planning (Or Communication), Crew
The VHF radio is the primary means for making urgent communications. The three levels of urgent calls are:
__________ for life-threatening situations, __________ for non-life threatening situations and __________ for navigation or weather hazards.
Mayday, Pan Pan, Securite
The International Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea (COLREGS), published under the title __________ __________, establish actions to prevent collisions. Nevertheless, Rule 2 states that __________ is responsible for avoiding a collision.
Navigation Rules, Everyone
At night, a sailboat under sail may show a masthead __________ light alone. If under power, a boat must show a white __________ light above deck-level sidelights.
Tricolor, Steaming (Or Masthead)
Before towing a dinghy, remove loose gear and tilt or remove the __________. When towing, use a __________ towline, attach the dinghy securely to the sailboat, and tow it at a __________ behind the boat appropriate for the conditions.
Outboard, Sturdy, Distance
When arriving in a foreign country, you must fly the _________ flag just below your starboard spreader. After clearing _________ and _________, you must lower it and fly the nation’s courtesy flag in its place.
Q Flag, Customs, Immigration
A large-scale chart shows a small geographic area in __________ detail. A small-scale chart shows a large area in __________ detail.
Great, Less
To measure the distance between two points on a nautical chart, span your dividers between the two points, then measure on the latitude or longitude scale where 1 minute = 1 __________ __________.
Latitude, Nautical Mile
If the difference between waypoints A and B on your course is 18 NM and your speed is 5 Knots, your Estimated Time Enroute is __________ hours. If you depart A at 0845, your ETA at B will be __________.
3.6, 1221
Your direction of intended travel is called the __________, but the path that the boat actually follows is the __________. A properly calculated and steered __________ will allow your course and track to be the same.
Course, Track, Heading
Dead reckoning uses the boat’s __________ __________, and time elapsed to determine a DR position. A DR Position does not incorporate __________ or leeway.
Heading, Speed, Current
The intersection of two or more __________ __________ __________ gives a fix, which is the calculated position of the boat.
Lines of position (Or LOP’s)
When navigating with a GPS plotter, it’s important to use the appropriate __________ to ensure you have the correct level of detail for safety.
Zoom
The vertical datum from which soundings are referenced on NOAA charts is __________ __________ __________ __________. On British Admiralty charts, the vertical datum is __________ __________ __________.
Mean Lower Low Water, Lowest Astronomical Tide
In the Northern hemisphere mid-latitudes, wind circulates clockwise and outward from a __________ – pressure system, and counterclockwise and into a __________- pressure system.
High, Low
Using the rule of 15’s, state the lower threshold wind speeds for: Small Craft Advisory __________, gale __________,
storm __________, and hurricane __________.
20 kt, 35 kt, 50 kt, 65 kt
__________ fog forms on clear nights with __________ wind, and will burn off with the sun or dissipate in the wind. A fog that requires wind to transport warm air over cold water, and may persist even in strong winds is called __________ fog
Radiation, Calm, Advection
List at least three actions to take when navigating in low visibility: 1. __________ 2. __________ 3.__________
1. Take a fix
2. Plot a course
3. Slow down
4. Make sound signals
5. Hoist a radar reflector
Synoptic-scale describes weather patterns over a large area, but local winds may be strongly influenced by local factors such as __________.
Terrain
An onshore breeze, driven by differential heating of land and sea, that may enhance or diminish the synoptic wind, is called a __________ __________.
Sea Breeze
List three measures to prevent seasickness:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________. Symptoms can be improved by taking the helm and scanning the __________.
1. Rest
2. Hydration
3. Anti seasickness medication
Horizon
Contents of a marine first-aid-kit depend upon the number of __________ and the distance from __________ assitance.
Crew, Medical
While a hypothermic crew member should be treated by __________ warming, a patient with heat exhaustion needs rapid __________ and hydration.
Slow, Cooling
Distress signals are used to attract __________ when you need assistance. In coastal waters, the best way to communicate with rescue authorities is with your __________ __________. You can pinpoint your position visually for rescuers by using __________.
Attention, VHF Radio, Flares
Should you be involved in a boating accident, you are required to make a formal report to the USCG if injuries are beyond __________ __________ or damages exceed __________.
First Aid, $2,000
Rendering assistance to another __________ at sea is required by law. However, assistance should never exceed your level of capability and __________.
Individual, Training
Your choice of MOB maneuver depends on the boat’s point of __________, the wind and __________ conditions, and the skill and experience of those on board.
Sail, Sea
The final approach for a Man Overboard recovery should be on a __________ __________ to control boat speed and to stop to windward or leeward of the MOB.
Close Reach, Windward
If your propeller becomes fouled while motoring, your first action should be to shift to __________ gear. If the line is tightly wrapped, turning the _________ __________ from inside the boat may free the line.
Neutral, Prop shaft
If the diesel engine runs at irregular rpm, falters and stops, the problem is due to an interruption in the _________ supply, probably due to a clogged primary fuel _________.
Fuel, Filter
Lack of cooling water will result in the engine _________. Stop the engine immediately and check for debris or obstruction in the __________ – __________ __________.
Overheating, Raw water strainer
In the event of a steering failure, determine if you can steer with the autopilot. If you can’t, fit the emergency __________ into the top of the rudder stock.
Tiller
Upon grounding under sail, your first action should be to __________ the sails. If grounding under power, immediately shift into __________ gear.
De-power the sails, Neutral
List three common sources of onboard fires:
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________
1. Electrical
2. Engines
3. Fuel Leaks
4. Galley
Upon discovering water in the cabin, your first response should be to ensure the _________ __________ are on and working, and then to __________ the water to establish if the leak is fresh water or seawater.
Bilge Pumps, Taste
Duty rotation is not only a great way to share the load, but also provides those new to cruising with __________ and __________.
Training, Experience
When bringing provisions on board, leave the cardboard boxes or plastic bags behind as they might contain insects and their eggs.
Cardboard Boxes
Conserve the cold air in the fridge with tactical food stowage: plan meals so you eat the most __________ items first, and __________ rummaging by packing meal items together.
Perishable, Minimize (Or avoid)
Stow heavy sealed beverage items as high/low (Circle One) in the boat as possible, and replenish the beverage cooler from this stock.
Low
Skippers should plan on __________ __________ gallon of drinking water per person per day, and __________ gallons of water per day for bathing, dishes, etc.
One half, Five
To keep batteries properly charged, expect to run the diesel engine at least __________ hours per day.
Two
List three measures to help conserve domestic battery power: 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________.
1. Switch off lights
2. Use personal reading light
3. Switch off fans
4. Run fridge only when charging
Good practices toward maintaining a clean and happy boat include a daily seawater wash down of the __________, wiping the saloon table, and wiping up __________.
Cockpit, Spills
Before allowing crew to swim off the boat, deploy the __________ __________ and check for strong currents or shallow depths. Swim with a buddy, or post a __________.
Swim Ladder, Lookout
Cruising etiquette involves observing courtesies, including asking __________ to board or raft against another boat, and giving fishermen and race boats room to _________.
Permission, Maneuver
Flotillas offer a great way to gain experience by cruising in company with an experienced __________ __________ in new sailing grounds.
Flotilla leader
List at least four items that, when you are packing for your charter, should be packed in carry-on luggage rather than checked baggage.
passport
credit/debit card
charter/provisioning documents
prescription medication
change of clothing
Most cruising boats have at least two bilge pumps. The _____ pump is powered by the battery (activated when the float switch senses water in the bilge), and the _____ pump is operated by hand.
automatic
manual
After first determining that the dock’s freshwater supply is _____, fill a cruising sailboat’s freshwater tank through the _____ _____.
safe
deck plate
A freshwater pump cycling on and off when no one is using water indicates an open _____ or a _____ in the plumbing.
faucet
leak
When you have finished using the propane stove, first turn off the _____ _____ and let the gas in the line burn off before you turn off the burner.
solenoid switch
To flush the marine head, first pump in some water, then pump sufficiently to ensure the waste reached the _____ _____.
holding tank
To pump out a marine holding tank, first unscrew the _____ _____ _____, then hold the _____ _____ firmly in the waste outlet.
waste deck plate
pump out nozzle
When a boat is not connected to shore power, the battery bank is recharged most effectively by the engine’s _____ with the engine running at _____ rpm or higher.
alternator
1,500
An inverter converts _____ electricity from the battery banks to _____ electricity, allowing you to use low-wattage AC appliances when the boat is not on shore power.
DC
AC
An emergency tiller fits into the top of the _____ _____ and can be used to steer the boat if the cables fail.
rudder stock
Diesel engine cooling is achieved by means of two systems. Ani-freeze is used in the pressurized _____ system, and coolant flow is regulated by a _____.
internal
thermostat
The engine driven _____-_____ pump circulates seawater in the engine’s raw-water cooling system. The pump’s _____ is an important part to have on board.
raw-water
impeller
List at least four factors that affect a sailing vessel’s range under power.
tank capacity
engine rpm
wind and waves
current
marine growth
vessel loading
List at least four repair items and spares that should be carried in addition to the boat’s basic tool kit.
cable ties
duct tape
WD-40
multimeter
short lines
impeller
fuel filters
engine oil
halyards
shackles
cotter pins/rings
sail-repair tape
The _____-style mainsail is hoisted with a halyard, where an in-mast furling mainsail is deployed using the _____.
classic
outhaul
When setting a roller furling jib, it is important to control the rate at which the sail deploys by taking a turn of the _____ line around a winch to prevent overrides from occurring in the furling _____.
furling
drum
Overpowered sailboats create excessive _____ to which a boat responds by turning into the wind. This response is _____ _____.
heeling
weather helm
To maintain a straight course with excessive weather helm, it is necessary to hold the _____ at a large angle, which causes drag and slows down the boat.
Rudder
When sailing to windward, maintain control in gusts by _____ (heading up until the gust pasts) or ease the _____ using the sheet or traveler.
feathering (or luffing)
mainsail
When sailing on a broad reach in gusts, steer farther downwind to reduce the _____ wind speed.
apparent
In constant true wind conditions, as you head up from a downwind course to an _____ course you will experience more _____ due to the increased apparent wind, and it may be necessary to _____ the sails.
upwind
heeling
reef
When sailing downwind, a _____ holds the boom to leeward to stop it swinging around in lumpy seas and to prevent an accidental _____.
preventer
jibe
Prior to reefing, it is possible to de-power the sails by any or all of three methods: decreasing the sails angle of _____, adding _____, and flattening the sails
attack
twist
Prepare your boat and crew for heavy weather by securely stowing gear, donning _____, harnesses and _____, and adjusting the sail plan by _____.
PFDs (or life jackets)
tethers
reefing
_____ is a technique using the engine and a mainsail only; it uses the increased _____ wind to contribute towards both _____ and stability.
Motorsailing
apparent
speed
A Skipper is responsible for the safety of the _______ and _____. While he may delegate tasks to an experienced ______, the skipper will always be held responsible.
crew
boat
crewmember
List at least four important items of emergency equipment that should be located and checked before departure.
life jackets (or PDFs)
fire extinguishers
horn
VHF radio
flares
bilge pumps
When controlling a dockline from on board, take at least one _____ around a cleat to take the load and avoid rope burns.
turn
When docking or undocking under power, the two primary factors to asses are _____ and _____.
wind
current
The flow of water generated by the propeller is called _____ _____.
prop wash
The tendency for the stern of the boat with a right hand prop to move to _____ when reverse gear if first engaged is called _____ _____.
port
prop walk
To make a 180-degree turn in a limited space you must perform a _____ _____. On a boat with a right handed prop, this entails turning to starboard with alternate bursts of _____ and _____ power.
standing turn
forward
reverse
When you encounter adverse wind conditions during docking or undocking, the use of _____ lines as well as the engine and the _____ will help control the boat.
spring
rudder
The greater the tidal range, the longer the docklines must be to allow the boat to _____ and _____ with the tide.
rise
fall
List three indications that your anchor may be dragging.
vibrating anchor chain
changes in range or bearings
closeness to another vessel
Two anchors set from the bow 45 to 60 degrees apart is called a _____ _____. This method maximizes holding power and reduces _____.
forked moor
swing
When approaching a mooring buoy, preparation and _____ between skipper and _____ are essential for a perfect pickup.
planning (or communication)
crew
The VHF radio is the primary means for making urgent communications. The three levels of urgent calls are_____ for life-threatening situations, _____ for non-life threatening situations and _____ for navigational or weather hazards.
Z
Mayday
Pan Pan
Securité
The International Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea (COLREGS), published under the title _____ _____, establish actions to prevent collisions. Nevertheless, Rule 2 states that _____ is responsible for avoiding a collision.
Navigation Rules
everyone
At night, a sailboat may show a masthead _____ light alone. If under power, a boat must show a white _____ light above deck-level sidelights.
tricolor
steaming (or masthead)
Before towing a dingy, remove loose gear and tilt or remove the _____. When towing, use a _____ towline, attach the dingy securely to the sailboat, and tow it at a _____ behind the boat appropriate for the conditions.
outboard
sturdy
distance
When arriving in a foreign country, you must fly the _____ flag just below your starboard spreader. After clearing _____ and _____, you must lower it and fly the nation’s courtesy flag in its place.
Q flag
customs
immigration
A large-scale chart shows a small geographic area in _____ detail. A small-scale chart shows a large area in _____ detail.
great
less
To measure the distance between two points on a nautical chart, span your dividers between the two points, then measure on the latitude / longitude scale (circle one), where 1 minute = 1 _____ _____.
latitude
nautical mile
If the distance between waypoints A and B on your course is 18 nm and your speed is 5 knots, your Estimated Time Enroute is _____ hours. If you depart A at 0845, your ETA at B will be_____.
3.6
1221
Your direction of intended travel is called _____, but the path that the boat actually follows is the _____. A properly calculated and steered _____ will allow your course and track to be the same.
course
track
heading
Dead reckoning used the boat’s _____, _____, and time elapsed to determine a DR position. A DR position does not incorporate _____ or leeway.
heading
speed
current
The intersection of two or more _____ _____ _____ gives a fix, which is the calculated position of the boat.
lines of position (or LOPs)
When navigating with a GPS plotter, it’s important to use the appropriate _____ to ensure you have the correct level of detail for safety.
zoom
The vertical datum from which soundings are referenced on NOAA charts is _____ _____ _____ _____. On British Admiralty charts, the vertical datum is _____ _____ _____.
Mean Lower Low Water
Lowest Astronomical Tide
In the Northern hemisphere mid-latitudes, wind circulates clockwise and outward from a _____-pressure system, and counterclockwise and into a _____-pressure system.
High
Low
Using the rule of 15s, state the lower threshold wind speeds for: Small Craft Advisory _____, gale _____, storm _____, and hurricane _____.
20 kt
35 kt
50 kt
65 kt
_____ fog forms on clear nights with _____ wind, and will burn off with the sun or dissipate in the wind. A fog that requires wind to transport warm air over cold water, and may persist even in strong winds is called _____ fog.
Radiation
calm
advection
List at least three actions to take when navigating in low visibility.
take a fix
plot a course
make sound signals
hoist a radar reflector
Synoptic-scale describes weather patterns over a large area, but local winds may be strongly influenced by local factors such as _____.
terrain
An onshore breeze, driven by differential heating of land and sea, that may enhance or diminish the synoptic wind, is called a _____ _____.
sea breeze
List at least three measures to prevent seasickness.
rest
hydration
anti-seasickness medication
horizon
Contents of a marine first-aid kit depend upon the number of _____ and the distance from _____ assistance.
crew
medical
While a hypothermic crewmember should be treated by ______ warming, a patient with heat exhaustion needs rapid _____ and hydration.
slow
cooling
Distress signals are used to attract _____ when you need assistance. In coastal waters, the best way to communicate with rescue authorities is with your _____ ______. You can pinpoint your position visually for rescuers by using _____.
attention
VHF radio
flares
Should you be involved in a boating accident, you are required to make a formal report to the USCG if injuries are beyond _____ ______ or damages exceed _____.
first aid
$2,000
Rendering assistance to another _____ at sea is required by law. However, assistance should never exceed your level of capability and _____.
individual
training
Your choice of MOB maneuver depends on the boat’s point of _____, the wind and _____ conditions, and the skill and experience of those on board.
sail
sea
The final approach for a Man Overboard recovery should be on a _____ _____ to control boat speed and to stop to windward / leeward (circle one) of the MOB.
close reach
windward
If your propeller becomes fouled while motoring, your first action should be to shift to _____ gear. If the line is tightly wrapped, turning the ______ _____ from inside the boat may free the line.
neutral
prop shaft
If the diesel engine runs at irregular rpm, falters, and stops, the problem is due to an interruption in the _____ supply, probably due to a clogged primary fuel _____.
fuel
filter
Lack of cooling water will result in the engine _____. Stop the engine immediately and check for debris or obstruction in the _____-_____ _____.
overheating
raw-water strainer
In the event of a steering failure, determine if you can steer with the auto pilot. If you can’t, fit the emergency _____ into the top of the rudder stock.
tiller
Upon grounding under sail, your first action should be to _____ the sails. If grounding under power, immediately shift into _____ gear.
de-power the sails
neutral
List at least three common sources of onboard fires.
electrical
engines
fuel leaks
galley
Upon discovering water in the cabin, your first response should be to ensure the _____ _____ are on and working, and then to _____ the water to establish if the leak is fresh water or sea water.
bilge pumps
taste
Duty rotation is not only a great way to share the load, but also provides those new to cruising with _____ and _____.
training
experience
When bringing provisions on board, leave the cardboard boxes / plastic bags (circle one) behind as they might contain insects and their eggs.
cardboard boxes
Conserve the cold air in the fridge with tactical food stowage: plan meals so you eat the most _____ items first, and _____ rummaging by packing meal items together.
perishable
minimize (or avoid)
Stow heavy sealed beverage items as high / low (circle one) in the boat as possible, and replenish the beverage cooler from this stock.
low
Skippers should plan on _____ _____ gallon of drinking water per person per day, and _____ gallons of water per day for bathing, dishes, etc.
one half
five
To keep batteries properly charged, expect to run the diesel engine at least _____ hours per day.
two
List at least three measures to ensure conserve domestic battery power.
switch of lights
use personal reading light
switch off fan
run fridge only when charging
Good practices toward maintaining a clean and happy boat include a daily seawater washdown of the _____, wiping the saloon table, and wiping up _____.
cockpit
spills
Before allowing the crew to swim off the boat, deploy the ____ ______ and check for strong currents or shallow depths. Swim with a buddy, or post a _____.
swim ladder
lookout
Cruising etiquette involves observing courtesies, including asking _____ to board or raft against another boat, and giving fishermen and raceboats room to _____.
permission
maneuver
Flotillas offer a great way to gain experience by cruising in company with an experienced _____ _____ in new sailing grounds.
fl
